Apparatus for the elimination of fusel-oils during the distillation and rectification of alcohol.



APPLICATION FILED AUC-9, 190:5.

1,1 16,322., N matented Nov. 3, 1914.

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entran srafrfus ra'rnna onirica.

FRANZ PAMPEOF HALLE-N-THE-SAALE, GIEl5.lL'lIAl\llY;` ELEONORE JOSEFINE JOHANNA. PAIVIPE, WIDOW, ONE-FOURTH INTEREST, PHILrBItUNO OTTO ALEXANDER .'PJMNEEE, SON, THREE-EIGHTHS INTEREST, AND OTTU ALFRED ROBERT PAYPE, SON. THREE- EIGHTHS INTEREST F THE ESTATE OF SAID FRANZ llnlfTLPE, DIECEASED.

APIIARATUS FDR THE ELIMINATION OF FUSEL-OILS DURING THE DISTILLATON iithlltl RECTIFICATION 0F ALCOHOL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led August B, 1905. Serial No. 273,292.

To all Lo/mm, it may concern Be it known that l., FRANZ lAMrn a subject of the King of Prussia, (jlerman Emperor, residing at the citv of l':lalle-('m the-Saale,'in the Kingdom of Prussia, Ger man Empire, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Apparatus for the `Elimination of the Fusel-Oils During the Distilla'tion and Rectification of Alcolici; and l do hereby declare the following to be .a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled `in the art to which it appertains to malte and use the same, reference being hadv to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention has reference to an apparatus for the perfect elimination of all the fusel oils, during the distillation and recti- -ieation of alcohol, the said new apparatus being located on the distilling and rectifying columns.

The purpose of the new apparatus isIto completely remove the fusel oils from the mixture of alcohol and water contained in the column, in such a manner that the vapors passing through the column will no longer be compelled to traverse sections impregnated with fusel oil; in this way a marked improvement in the quality of the product is secured.

A process for the removal of the fuscl oils from the column already in existence; sce

application Serial No. 256,277, filed by me on April 1S, 1905. ln this process the fusel oils are withdrawn from the column at a predetermined point thereof, namely, at that spot where the)7 collect, by the aid of steam which admitted at one side and allowed to escape at the other. The aforesaid preH determined point of the column located. at that part thereof where the fusel oils ascending in the column, in `the shape of vaporT have not yet been dissolved by the also as cending' alcoholic vapors; whereas, in the section lying,l immediately above, a dissolu-` tion of the fuse] oil vapors takes place due to the alcoholic vapors. In most cases the point in question lies in the fifth compartment of Vthe column, counting from the bottom with au ordinary l)mctcrcolumnrlirided into about forty compartments, and with plates or floors about (lf) to 0.3 meter apart. ln the lowest part of 'the column there is a mixture consisting of alcohohwaterand .fusel oils: these latter romain undissolved owingto the small Ypercentage of alcohol contained, in the mixture. If this lower part be heated; then the fusel oil and alcohol vapors, com bined with the steam, will arise in the column and pass from one .fompartrnent 'to the other:` '.lhese vapors. during their pa ge through tbe fannpartmenls. become enrie )ed with alcohol, and ultimately a compartment vapors have become so rich .in alcohol that they are now capable of dissolving.: the fasci. i oils. ln the immediate vicinity of this dil vision or ci'nnpartment there is located the I aforesaid point of the column.. :it which steam is introduced into the colonia, and this steam, which is admitted at one side of 'the column and allowed to escape at the other, carries the molecules of fusel oil away with it, At this aforesaid point, hereinafter called the dividing layer, a pipo with noazlcs is inserted in the column. While a pciv foret-ed pipe s mounted on the other side. The pipcwvltlf the nozzles is for introducing the steam into the column, Whereas the other steam and fusel oilsl and carries it awav ou:` of the column. The steam passes into the column through thc nozzles and moves toward the holes in the perforated pipe, by l which it is taken up. This perforated pipo .l has its holes on that side which faces toward theother pipo aud the jets of steam, cmerg ing from thc litorales, make their way toward the perforated. surfer-.4.` of the other pipe. While passing from the nozzles to the pere fmutcd surface in question, the steam er tracts all the fusel oil vapors. ln this Way it becomes possible from the column almost entirely, and thus facilitate the obtention of a perfectly lino product, the very point for which my new apparatus is esscntiallv intended. The pipes just described are located in the uppeifpart of the particular compartment in question labove the level of liquid which collects in will be found wlnzreiu tile. alcohol and WaterI or perforated pipe takes up the mixture of' to ,remove the fusel oils" So-called dividing layer.

the bottoni of the compartment. Means are also best provided for introducing steam below the liquid in the compartment.

My invention consists in the application of a steam inlet pipe to one side of the column, and of a steam exhaust pipe to the other side thereof, this being done at the diif'iding layer, 'a'. e. in the compartment of the column 'where the molecules ot tusel oil are still undissolved, and beneath that compartment in which they aredissolved by the alcoholic mixture. The hereinbeiore mentioned pipes project into the compartment at the dividing layer. and above the liquid level in said compartment, a perforated pipe or the like being also provided for introducingsteam below the layer of liquid in the compartment.

ln the accompanying drawing l have shown. more or less diagrammatically a typical embodiment of apparatus elements suitable for the use in carrying out the present process.

ln these drawings Figure l is a vertical section through. a part of the apparatus showing a trap device located at' the base of the distilling column and immediately above the boiling chamber: Fig. 2 is a vertical section through a higher compartment on the line X Y Z of Fig. 3: and Fig. 8 is a horizontal section on the line XV W ot' Fig. EZ.

ln Fig. l, A represents a portion of the column situatef7 at a lower level than the ln this portion oi' the column, which in this instance is at theV base of the column and immediately above the boiling chamber, is located a cylindrical sleeve C of comparatively large 40 diameter, having its upper and lower edges slotted or serrated. This sleeve opens downwardly directly into the boiling chamber. Surrounding C and suitably spaced away therefrom by members oi a supporting 4.5 ider or the like is another cvlindrical sleeve B which projects above the upper edge of C and extends nearly to the bottom ot the compartn'lent, 'there being communi cation however between the main part ot the compartment and the annular space inthe lower edge ot' ll. thence upwardly between ll and C. thence over the edge ot (l and down along the walls thereof into the ci The dimensions or" are such 1,11e,eaa

immediately below the point where solution of the fusel oils occurs.

Fig. 2 illustrates a chamber oi the distilling column substantially at the locality of the dividing layer hereinbefore described, and just below the portion ot' the column where solution ot the tusel oils takes place. Annular member Z is connected with and supports the bottom fm by means oiE members n. ln the center ot this bottom is an upwardl v extendingconduit or neck 0 above which is supported an inverted bell p having serrated lower edges located a short distance above the bottom m. Alcoholic vapors rising upwardly through the opening 7 in the neck o are defiected downwardly by the bell and pass under the edges thereof through liquidwhich may collect on the bottom fm, to a depth fixed by the. height ot the upper edges of downflow pipe;

1/ which extends through the bottom to a point slightly above the bottom of the compartmeut or tray a. Alcoholic. vapors may also pass up.\'ardly through the space between the sides of the column and the upturned periphery ot bottom or tray, m, thence down 'ardly through spaces r between the said upturned periphery and ring finally passing under the serrated lower edges of the ring through the liquid and thence into the vapor space thcreabove.

Members a. and 7) correspond respectively to m and 7/ and the passage of vapors from the under side of a upwardly into the compartment included between a and m takes place in exactly the same manneras has just been described.

ln sonne cases it is also convenient to provide small necks or conduits s having bells f. to etlicct more perfect distributionl oi. steam and other vapors.

Liquid is rondueted'from one compartment to the next lower through the overflow pipes il.

ln the lower part ol the compartment illustrated in Fig. and im'inediatelv above theI bottom n. is located a cirrular porlorated steam pipe 2 to which steam may be supplied 'from any suitable source through coupling it". ln thc` upper part otlthe compartn'wnt. above the. liquid level and host immediatelv below floor or tray m is located comme,

'c steam inlet pipe B provided lWith ljetiuoz- `zles and "arranged ltodischurge steam Thoriw zontully into the compartment land subst-an tia'lly ltengentially to the Walls thereof IThis ypipe projects into the compartment radially-*spaced away from thespipe at a suitable istance is aperfforated pipe 4-Which also projects 4radial'ly'into the compartment and 'which serves as means :for withdrawing mixed vapors of steam and fusel oils from the compartment.

The method of operating the portion of the apparatus so tfar descrihedis as *follows: The alcoholic liquor tobe distilled is placed in thcstill which may 'be heated by means of steam introduced directly into tlre'liguid. The alcoholic 'vapors pass upwardly 'through the still column tllrou 'the ysuperposocl compartments, the 'liqui in the bottom of each compartment being stronger and AL-itrongger from the lowest to the highest compartment. At the locality' in 'the column illustrated in Fig. 2, the alcoholic liquid on the compartment bottom is still too -Weok to dissolve the 'usel oils, these latter floating on the top of the liquid layer. luthecompartment next above, the alcohol is l strong enough to ,dissolve at least substantial portions of the usel oils, Stettin is introduced through perforated pipe 2 into the liquid collected on bottom o, passes through the liquid and ce1-ries with it into the vapor space above the liquid, vapors of fusel cils mixed 'with more or less alcohol. team is introduced in horizontal and tangential' jets from. pipe 3, giving a whirling lmotion in a substantially horizontal plane to the vapors, and thus continually presenting fresh portions of the 'vapor to the .Withdrawal pipe Ll, through which the mixed vapors are withdrawn. and conveyed to some convenient place outside the column.

Havingr now described the nature of my invention and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I declare that what I 'claim and vdesire to protect bv Letters lon.n

vent is:

lIl. In a distilling and rectify/ing apparatus for the production of olcohol` the combination of a column. havingr several `floors which divide the column into compartments. the said `floors having inlets therein for the vapors ascending in the column, and inlets for the alcoholic liquid trickling down from compartment to compartment, u pipo lor admitting steam into the column, und a perforated pipe projecting into the column for carrying oil thc steam und ilfuscl oils ont of the` column, both pipes being above the level of the liquid in that compartment oil" the column vin which the fusel oils are still undissolved, said compartment beingv next to that in which the fusel oils are dissolved h v means of the alcohol mixture.-

l r l 'level of thc liquid in not 2. fln, e flistillinif and, rectit'ying' opporzitus 4for the production ol" nlcohol, the rcombination of a column having' several floors which livido the column into compartments, said floors 4having ii'llets therein for thc vapors ascending in the colun'iu, and further inlets forthc alcoholic liquid triclrling down 4from compartment 'to compsrtmcnt, a pipe provided with nozzles for injecting; steam into one ol said comportments, nud n performed pipe projecting into the column for tuition; up and discharging the stcum-suturutcfl with the fuscl oils, both pipes bcingr above the that oomimrtmcnt oi' the column in which thc flisol oils uro still undissolvcd, Suid compartment beingr next to that in which the insel oils orc dissolved by rnc-uns of the alcohol mi ture.

Appurntus :for se tintoh the tiret and last winnings in the distillation and roctilication of ulcoholic liquids, comprising, in combination with a suitable distilling column having,r a plurality of su perposed 'compartments, moons Alor introducing stoom into one of said compnrtmentS, seid icom- `v partment being located below where the lusel oils become dissolved in the alcoholic mixture.. and means arranged in the vapor space of seid compartment and projecting through the column Wall forrenioving mined vapors therefrom.

Apparatus for separating thc first und lust runningrs in the distillation and rectilication of alcoholic liquids, con'q'nising, in combination with a suitable distilling col1 umn lmvii'igf a plurality of superpose/ifi cour pertinents means tor introducing steam into one of said coiupartmootsbelow thc level ot' liquid contained therein, said compartment beingr located below where the fusel oils become dissolved in the alcoholic miro ture, and means arranged in the vapor space of said compartment und pri'ijccting tllrougli the column Wall for removing mixed vapors therefrom.

Apparatus for sepuruting the tiret and last runnings in tho distillation und rccti fication of alcoholic liquids. comprising', in combination with n suitable distillinyr column havingr n plurality oi" super-posed com pertinents, means for iutrorlucingir steam into one of sairl compartments below thc liquid lei'cl therein. menus for introducing steam into the vapor space above the liquid level in suir'l munpartmenl to produce n whirling; movement of vapors in said spuce. and menus for witlulruwiog: vapors `iron] Suid space through the well ot the colun'm. said compartment being? located slightly below that portion ol the column Wl'lero the 'liu-sel oils become dissolved in the ulcolzolic` mir:d ture.

6. Apparatus for separating the first :ind lust runninggs in the .frlistillutiou und rcctification of alcoholic liquids, comprising, in

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eombinationm'ith a suitable distilling eolumn having a plurality of superposed Communicating compartments arranged above a boiling chamber, a relatively wide cylindrical conduit open at both ends extending from a suitable elevation above the bottom of the lowest Con'ipai'tment through said bottom into the boiling chamber, a suitably supported cylindrical baffle .concentric with said conduit and nspaced away tberefron'n said baille attending Yfrom a point some- `what above said compartment bottom to a point higher than said conduit7V whereby the i'einn of 'insel oils into said boiling chamler is prevented, means for introducing steam below7 the liquid level in said compaitment, means for introducing steam substantially horizontally into the vapor space of a higher compartment of the column to prolnoe Vwhirling of mixed vapors therein,y and means :tor withdrawing such mixedv vapors :from said vapor space through the column wall.

1,1 ienne' y baffle Concentrio with said conduit and spaced away therefrom, said baille extending from a point somewhat above the bottom of said compartment to a point higher than said conduit.

ln testimony that l claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed'my name in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

FRANZ PAMPF. Witnesses:

RUDOLPH Famine, S. P. WARNER. 

